Análisis de la importancia de la gestión pública en la implementación de ludotecas: artículo de revisión
Analysis of the importance of public management in the implementation of toy libraries: A review articleContenido principal del artículo
El presente artículo de revisión analiza el rol de la gestión pública en la implementación y sostenibilidad de las ludotecas como espacios lúdico-educativos fundamentales para el desarrollo integral infantil. A pesar de la existencia de marcos normativos que garantizan el derecho de niños y niñas al acceso a entornos de recreación y aprendizaje, en diversos contextos se evidencian limitaciones estructurales, tales como insuficiente cobertura, condiciones inadecuadas y debilidades en la gestión institucional, lo que repercute en una baja efectividad de las políticas públicas. Metodológicamente, se empleó el enfoque PRISMA para asegurar un proceso de búsqueda sistemático, transparente y riguroso de literatura científica. Se revisaron artículos publicados entre 2022 y 2025 en bases de datos reconocidas como Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC y Google Académico, considerando únicamente estudios de acceso abierto en español, inglés y portugués. Asimismo, se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión orientados a garantizar la calidad y pertinencia de las fuentes seleccionadas. Los resultados se organizaron en tres ejes temáticos: políticas públicas y su incidencia en la creación de ludotecas, participación comunitaria en espacios de juego infantil y evaluación del impacto social de estos entornos. Entre los principales hallazgos, se destaca que la participación comunitaria constituye un factor clave para la sostenibilidad de las ludotecas. La incorporación de familias y actores locales en las etapas de diseño y gestión favorece la adecuación de estos espacios a las necesidades socioculturales del entorno. En consecuencia, la participación activa fortalece el sentido de pertenencia y corresponsabilidad, promoviendo el uso adecuado, la sostenibilidad y la conservación de estos espacios.
This review article analyzes the role of public management in the implementation and sustainability of toy libraries as fundamental play-based learning spaces for children's holistic development. Despite the existence of legal frameworks that guarantee children's right to access recreational and learning environments, structural limitations are evident in various contexts, such as insufficient coverage, inadequate conditions, and weaknesses in institutional management, which result in low effectiveness of public policies. Methodologically, the PRISMA approach was used to ensure a systematic, transparent, and rigorous search of scientific literature. Articles published between 2022 and 2025 in recognized databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar were reviewed, considering only open access studies in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the quality and relevance of the selected sources. The results were organized into three thematic areas: public policies and their impact on the creation of toy libraries, community participation in children's play spaces, and evaluation of the social impact of these environments. Among the main findings, community participation stands out as a key factor for the sustainability of toy libraries. The inclusion of families and local stakeholders in the design and management stages facilitates the adaptation of these spaces to the sociocultural needs of the community. Consequently, active participation strengthens the sense of belonging and shared responsibility, promoting the appropriate use, sustainability, and conservation of these spaces.
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