Perfiles latentes de fatiga laboral mental en operarios de construcción de Lima Metropolitana durante 2025
Latent profiles of mental work fatigue among construction workers in Metropolitan Lima during 2025Contenido principal del artículo
Con la dinámica cambiante del entorno laboral, la comunidad científica se ha dirigido a comprender la naturaleza multifacética de los factores que inciden en el cansancio de los trabajadores. El estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar perfiles de fatiga laboral mental cimentados en las características individuales de operarios pertenecientes a empresas de construcción en Lima Metropolitana durante el año 2025. La metodología es cualitativa, diseño observacional, descriptivo-correlacional y de corte transversal. La muestra conformada por 56 trabajadores. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante el Inventario Sueco de Fatiga Ocupacional en su versión modificada (SOFI‑SM) y una ficha sociodemográfica, información posteriormente analizada mediante Análisis de Clases Latentes (ACL). Los resultados revelaron una estructura tripartita con ajuste adecuado (entropía = 0.908): un grupo juvenil (24.9 %) presentó niveles severos de desgaste mental; un perfil mayoritario de adultos con sobrepeso (35.9 %) mostró indicadores protectores; y un tercer grupo de trabajadores maduros (39.2 %) evidenció afectación moderada. Se concluye que el agotamiento cognitivo se distribuye de manera heterogénea, intensificándose ante la inexperiencia y la limitada disponibilidad de recursos de afrontamiento en la población joven.
With the changing dynamics of the work environment, the scientific community has sought to understand the multifaceted nature of the factors that affect worker fatigue. The study aimed to develop profiles of mental labor fatigue based on the individual characteristics of workers working in construction companies in Metropolitan Lima during the year 2025. The methodology is qualitative, observational, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional. The demonstration was made up of 56 workers. Data collection was carried out using the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory in its modified version (SOFI-SM) and a sociodemographic form, information subsequently analyzed using Latent Class Analysis (ACL). The results revealed a tripartite structure with adequate adjustment (entropy = 0.908): a juvenile group (24.9%) presented severe levels of mental exhaustion; a majority profile of overweight adults (35.9%) showed protective indicators; and a third group of mature workers (39.2%) showed moderate affect. It is concluded that cognitive exhaustion is distributed in a heterogeneous manner, intensifying in the face of inexperience and the limited availability of coping resources in the young population.
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