Enfoques integrales de sostenibilidad en destinos turísticos rurales: una revisión sistemática de marcos conceptuales, componentes operacionales y prácticas de gobernanza (2014-2024)
Comprehensive approaches to sustainability in rural tourism destinations: A systematic review of conceptual frameworks, operational components and governance practices (2014-2024)Contenido principal del artículo
El turismo rural sostenible se ha consolidado como una estrategia fundamental para el desarrollo territorial y la preservación de recursos culturales y naturales en zonas rurales han hecho una táctica esencial. El artículo se presenta un análisis sistemático de los modelos de gestión turística rural sostenible, que incluye el estudio las perspectivas teóricas, los elementos operacionales y los aspectos estructurales encontrados en la literatura científica entre 2014 y 2024. La metodología empleada utilizó el protocolo PRISMA, llevando a cabo búsquedas sistemáticas en las bases de datos de SciELO, Scopus y Web of Science. Se examinaron y se identificaron 30 escritores de importancia cuyas teorías y modelos aportan a la disciplina de manera significativa. Ocho dimensiones fundamentales de los modelos de gestión se han identificado a partir de los resultados: infraestructura turística, innovación en tecnología, desarrollo económico local, sostenibilidad del medio ambiente, capacitación a la comunidad, colaboración entre múltiples partes interesadas y gobernanza participativa. La investigación evidencia un cambio de perspectivas desde modelos top-down hacia estructuras de gobernanza colaborativa enfocadas en la comunidad, con una integración cada vez mayor de principios relacionados tanto con la economía circular como con la digitalización.
Sustainable rural tourism has become a key strategy for territorial development, and the preservation of cultural and natural resources in rural areas has become an essential tactic. This article presents a systematic analysis of sustainable rural tourism management models, including a study of the theoretical perspectives, operational elements, and structural aspects found in the scientific literature between 2014 and 2024. The methodology employed used the PRISMA protocol, conducting systematic searches in the SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Thirty important authors whose theories and models contribute significantly to the discipline were examined and identified. Eight fundamental dimensions of management models were identified from the results: tourism infrastructure, technological innovation, local economic development, environmental sustainability, community empowerment, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and participatory governance. The research demonstrates a shift in perspectives from top-down models toward collaborative governance structures focused on the community, with an increasing integration of principles related to both the circular economy and digitalization.
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