Diferencias en los residuos electrónicos no recolectados per cápita según nivel de ingreso en américa latina y el caribe
Differences in uncollected electronic waste per capita by income level in latin america and the CaribbeanContenido principal del artículo
El estudio analizó las diferencias en los residuos electrónicos no recolectados per cápita (kg/habitante) entre países de América Latina y el Caribe según su nivel de ingreso. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental y corte transversal, utilizando datos secundarios correspondientes al año 2022. La muestra estuvo conformada por 27 países. El análisis incluyó estadística descriptiva y pruebas no paramétricas, específicamente la prueba de Kruskal–Wallis y comparaciones post hoc de Dunn con corrección de Holm. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos (p < 0.001), con un gradiente creciente en el que los países de mayor ingreso presentan valores más elevados del indicador. El tamaño de efecto (η²[H] = 0.723) indicó una magnitud grande, lo que sugiere que el nivel de ingreso se encuentra asociado a una proporción sustantiva de la variabilidad observada. Se concluye que existen diferencias estructurales en la distribución de los residuos electrónicos no recolectados en la región. Estos hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de estrategias diferenciadas de gestión del e-waste, considerando las condiciones económicas y capacidades institucionales de cada país.
The study analyzed differences in uncollected electronic waste per capita (kg/inhabitant) across countries in Latin America and the Caribbean according to their income level. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data for the year 2022. The sample consisted of 27 countries. The analysis included descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests, specifically the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc comparisons with Holm correction. The results showed statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.001), with a clear upward gradient in which higher-income countries exhibit higher values of the indicator. The effect size (η²[H] = 0.723) indicated a large magnitude, suggesting that income level is associated with a substantial proportion of the observed variability. It is concluded that structural differences exist in the distribution of uncollected electronic waste in the region. These findings highlight the need for differentiated e-waste management strategies, taking into account the economic conditions and institutional capacities of each country.
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