Formulación de instrumentos de gestión de residuos sólidos según el tipo de municipalidades distritales peruanas
Formulation of solid waste management instruments according to the type of peruvian district municipalitiesContenido principal del artículo
El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el tipo de municipalidad distrital y el cumplimiento en la formulación de instrumentos de gestión de residuos sólidos en el Perú. Se aplicó un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño correlacional, tomando una muestra de 254 municipalidades y evaluando 3 810 instrumentos mediante observación sistemática con lista de cotejo validada por expertos. Los resultados mostraron una asociación significativa entre la tipología municipal y el nivel de cumplimiento, con mejores desempeños en municipalidades con mayor capacidad administrativa y financiera, y rezagos en aquellas con limitaciones estructurales. Se identificó que los instrumentos vinculados con educación y sensibilización ambiental alcanzaron mayor nivel de cumplimiento, mientras que los que requieren financiamiento e infraestructura presentaron los valores más bajos. Se concluye que es necesario fortalecer las capacidades técnicas y promover políticas diferenciadas que aseguren condiciones equitativas para una gestión sostenible de los residuos sólidos en el ámbito local.
The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the type of district municipality and the level of compliance in the formulation of solid waste management instruments in Peru. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was applied, considering a sample of 254 municipalities and evaluating 3,810 instruments through systematic observation using a checklist validated by experts. The results showed a significant association between municipal typology and compliance levels, with better performance in municipalities with greater administrative and financial capacity, and lags in those with structural limitations. It was identified that instruments related to education and environmental awareness achieved higher compliance, while those requiring financing and infrastructure showed the lowest levels. It is concluded that strengthening technical capacities and promoting differentiated policies are necessary to ensure equitable conditions for sustainable solid waste management at the local level.
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