El impacto de la infraestructura vial en el desarrollo territorial: una revisión sistemática de literatura
The impact of road infrastructure on territorial development: a systematic literature reviewContenido principal del artículo
Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática que identifica y sintetiza teorías, metodologías, indicadores y estrategias de gestión empleadas para evaluar el impacto de la infraestructura vial en el desarrollo territorial. Siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA, se analizaron 353 documentos de Scopus, Web of Science, Dimensions y Google Académico, seleccionando 19 estudios publicados entre 2012-2024. Los resultados revelan una transición teórica desde enfoques de conectividad física hacia marcos que integran equidad y cohesión territorial, destacando el análisis de agrupación espacial y modelos de elasticidad económica. Metodológicamente, predominan herramientas avanzadas como ArcGIS y Depthmap, aunque persiste heterogeneidad con 14 metodologías distintas identificadas. Las estrategias de gestión efectivas enfatizan la contextualización local, equilibrando eficiencia económica y equidad regional. Se identifican brechas críticas: concentración geográfica en Europa-Asia, limitada atención a sostenibilidad ambiental, y ausencia de diseños cuasi-experimentales. La síntesis fundamenta políticas basadas en evidencia para desarrollo territorial equitativo y sostenible.
This article presents a systematic review that identifies and synthesises theories, methodologies, indicators and management strategies used to assess the impact of road infrastructure on territorial development. Following the PRISMA protocol, 353 documents from Scopus, Web of Science, Dimensions and Google Scholar were analysed, selecting 19 studies published between 2012 and 2024. The results reveal a theoretical transition from physical connectivity approaches to frameworks that integrate equity and territorial cohesion, highlighting spatial clustering analysis and economic elasticity models. Methodologically, advanced tools such as ArcGIS and Depthmap predominate, although heterogeneity persists with 14 different methodologies identified. Effective management strategies emphasise local contextualisation, balancing economic efficiency and regional equity. Critical gaps are identified: geographical concentration in Europe-Asia, limited attention to environmental sustainability, and absence of quasi-experimental designs. The synthesis informs evidence-based policies for equitable and sustainable territorial development.
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