Factores que limitan la eficiencia del gasto público en regiones con baja capacidad técnica y presupuestal
Factors that limit the efficiency of public spending in regions with low technical and budgetary capacityContenido principal del artículo
El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar los factores que limitan la eficiencia del gasto público en regiones con baja capacidad técnica y presupuestal. El estudio es de enfoque cualitativo, se orientó mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura basada en el modelo PRISMA. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos como Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO y Latindex, identificando 75 artículos de los cuales 66 cumplieron con los criterios de preselección tras descartar 9 por no ajustarse al enfoque temático. De estos 66 artículos preseleccionados, 42 fundamentaron la introducción y 24 constituyeron la muestra final de la revisión sistemática. Los resultados revelan que los principales factores limitantes son la debilidad institucional, la insuficiente capacidad técnica del capital humano, la planificación estratégica deficiente, la corrupción, la baja transparencia fiscal y la inadecuada participación ciudadana. Se concluye que la eficiencia del gasto público es un fenómeno multidimensional que requiere un enfoque integral, combinando fortalecimiento institucional, modernización de la gestión, desarrollo de capacidades y una mayor implicación de la sociedad civil.
The main objective of this study is to analyze the factors that limit the efficiency of public spending in regions with low technical and budgetary capacity. The study employs a qualitative approach and was guided by a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA model. An exhaustive search was conducted in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Latindex, identifying 75 articles, of which 66 met the pre-selection criteria after 9 were discarded for not aligning with the thematic focus. Of these 66 pre-selected articles, 42 formed the basis of the introduction, and 24 constituted the final sample for the systematic review. The results reveal that the main limiting factors are institutional weakness, insufficient technical capacity of human capital, deficient strategic planning, corruption, low fiscal transparency, and inadequate citizen participation. It is concluded that the efficiency of public spending is a multidimensional phenomenon that requires a comprehensive approach, combining institutional strengthening, management modernization, capacity building, and greater involvement of civil society.
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