Más allá del juego de suma cero: rivalidad y cooperación portuaria Chile-Perú
Beyond the Zero-Sum Game: Chile-Peru Port Rivalry and CooperationContenido principal del artículo
La inauguración del megapuerto de Chancay reconfigura la competencia portuaria chileno-peruana, siendo crucial analizar la divergencia entre sus impactos económicos materiales y las narrativas políticas dominantes. Este estudio analizó la divergencia entre el impacto económico material y la construcción discursiva política generada por el puerto de Chancay en el eje Chile-Perú, operacionalizando el concepto de atrapamiento discursivo. Se empleó un diseño explicativo secuencial de métodos mixtos, utilizando modelos econométricos (gravedad aumentado y diferencias en diferencias) y análisis cuantitativo de contenido sistemático. Se identificó un desvío de carga moderado en puertos chilenos (-14.2%) y una marcada asimetría discursiva (72% amenaza en Chile vs. 72% oportunidad en Perú). El Índice de Amplificación Discursiva (IAD=5.07) cuantificó esta brecha. La investigación confirma que las narrativas políticas amplifican significativamente el impacto económico real, evidenciando un atrapamiento discursivo que condiciona las respuestas estratégicas ante shocks geo-económicos.
The inauguration of the Chancay megaport reconfigures Chile-Peru port competition, making it crucial to analyze the divergence between its material economic impacts and the dominant political narratives. This study analyzed the divergence between the material economic impact and the political discursive construction generated by the Chancay port in the Chile-Peru axis, operationalizing the concept of discursive entrapment. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed, using econometric models (augmented gravity and differences-in-differences) and systematic quantitative content analysis. A moderate cargo diversion in Chilean ports (-14.2%) and a marked discursive asymmetry (72% threat in Chile vs. 72% opportunity in Peru) were identified. The Discursive Amplification Index (IAD=5.07) quantified this gap. The research confirms that political narratives significantly amplify the real economic impact, evidencing a discursive entrapment that conditions strategic responses to geo-economic shocks.
Detalles del artículo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Cómo citar
Referencias
Apostolopoulou, E., and Pizarro, A. (2025). Contesting the Anticipated Infrastructural City: A Grounded Analysis of Silk Road Urbanization in th. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 115(1), 223-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2024.2415718
Aria, N. (2025). The Power of Ideas: A Constructivist Reinterpretation of Security in International Relations. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(3), 18-36. https://doi.org/10.62810/jssh.v2i3.120
Baatz, C. (2023). Constructivist and well-being based justifications of human rights. Rivals or allies? Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698230.2023.2280867
Barboza, L. J. S. (2024). Economic Challenges and Opportunities of the Mega Port of Chancay for International Trade (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 5030498). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijef.C8146.04021124
Barnett, M., y Zarakol, A. (2023). Global international relations and the essentialism trap. International Theory, 15(3), 428-444. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971923000131
Bhattacharya, R., Machado, R. P., Moreau, F., and Pienknagura, S. (2025). Beyond Tariffs: Infrastructure Gaps and Trade in Latin America and the Caribbean. International Monetary Fund. https://parenterafael.github.io/papers/Beyond_Tariffs_LAC.pdf
Brancaccio, G., Kalouptsidi, M., and Papageorgiou, T. (2024). Investment in Infrastructure and Trade: The Case of Ports (Working Paper No. 32503). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w32503
Finnemore, M., and Wendt, A. (2024). When “Old” Constructivism Was New: Reflections on Classical Constructivism. Perspectives on Politics, 22(4), 1248-1268. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592724001464
Lin, W., Sun, L., Wang, T., Shang, H., and Xu, W. (2025). The impact of port investment along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road on regional port network connectivity and its imbalance. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 87, 104239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2025.104239
Merkus, E. (2024). Gravity Models in International Trade: A Specification Curve Analysis. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 24(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10842-024-00426-5
Pace, S. (2023). U.S. Space Policy and Theories of International Relations: The Case for Analytical Eclecticism. Space Policy, 65, 101538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101538
Parthenay, K. (2023). Regionalisms as a Middle-Path Between Area Studies and IR. A Political Sociology of Central American Regionalism. En S. D’Amato, M. Dian, y A. Russo (Eds.), International Relations and Area Studies: Debates, Methodologies and Insights from Different World Regions (pp. 73-91). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39655-7_5
Phillips, P. (2024). An Examination of Gravity Relationships at the Subnational Level. U.S. INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/working_papers/phillips_2024_05_b_subnational_gravity.pdf
Strikovic, E., van der Meer, T. G. L. A., Vliegenthart, R., and Bos, L. (2023). Appeals to the people: A content analysis of references to the people in traditional media, social media, and parliamentary materials. The Information Society, 39(4), 236-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2023.2210133
Välilä, T. (2025). The economic impact of transport infrastructure: A review of project-level vs. aggregate-level evidence. Transport Reviews, 45(4), 459-481. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2025.2476012
Welslau, L., Artecona, R., and Perrotti, D. E. (2024). Export competition between China and Latin America and the Caribbean in the United States market. The World Economy, 47(7), 2947-2969. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13568
Zhang, J., Geldres, V. V. W., and Heredia, J. (2023). Latin America’s Export Trade Prospect of Agricultural Products to China. Contemporary Economics, 17(2), 210-236. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=1173448